Asteroid Reconnaissance gives the user twice as many resources per click.
The Market Hacker, allows you to maniupulate the market and multiply your value per sale by one for each upgrade.
The pulse miner allows you to mine directly on the asteroid, performing 1 pulse per second.
Shaft mining is a on-asteroid form of mining, performing 10 mines per second and generating a large amount of resources.
Magnetic mining is the process of using magnets to mine for materials. Allowing 100 mines per second.